taxonomy sourceClaremont M., Vermeij G.J., Williams S.T. & Reid D.G. (2013) Global phylogeny and new classification of the Rapaninae (Gastropoda: Muricidae), dominant molluscan predators on tropical rocky seashores. <i>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</i> 66: 91–102. [Published online 28 September 2012; Code-compliant paper version published January 2013][details]
basis of recordGofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. <em>Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 180-213. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality