Chaetoceros adelianum E. Manguin, 1957 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros aequatorialis Cleve, 1873 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros aequatorialis var. antarctica
Chaetoceros atlanticus Cleve, 1873
Chaetoceros atlanticus Okamura, 1907 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros brevis F.Schütt, 1895
Chaetoceros bulbosum (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros bulbosus (Ehrenberg) Heiden, 1928
Chaetoceros castracanei Karsten, 1905 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros concavicornis Mangin, 1917
Chaetoceros convolutum (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros convolutus Castracane, 1886
Chaetoceros criophilum (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros criophilus sensu Hust. In A. Schmidt, 1921, non Castr., 1886 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros criophilus Gran, 1904 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros curvatus Castracane, 1886
Chaetoceros curvisetum Cleve, 1889 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros curvisetus Cleve, 1889
Chaetoceros debilis Cleve, 1894 emend Xu, Y.Li & Lundholm in Xu et al., 2020
Chaetoceros diadema (Ehrenberg) Gran, 1897 accepted as Syndendrium diadema Ehrenberg, 1854 †
Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg, 1844
Chaetoceros flexuosus Mangin, 1915 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros gaussii Heiden, 1928 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros hendeyi Manguin, 1960 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros laciniosus F.Schütt, 1895
Chaetoceros neglectus Karsten, 1905 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros neogracile S.L.VanLandingham, 1968 accepted as Chaetoceros neogracilis VanLand., 1968
Chaetoceros neogracilis VanLand., 1968
Chaetoceros pendulum Karsten, 1905 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros pendulus Karsten, 1905
Chaetoceros peruvianum Brightw., 1856 accepted as Chaetoceros peruvianus Brightwell, 1856
Chaetoceros peruvianus Brightwell, 1856
Chaetoceros peruvianus Vanhoffen, 1897 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros radicans F.Schütt, 1895 (uncertain > unassessed )
Chaetoceros simplex Ostenfeld, 1902
Chaetoceros socialis H.S.Lauder, 1864
Chaetoceros tortissimus Gran, 1900 (uncertain > unassessed )