original descriptionLudwig, H. (1889-1892). Die Seewalzen. In: Bronn, H.G., ed.: <em>Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs, wissenschaftlich dargestellt in Wort und Bild. Zweiter Band. Dritte Abtheilung: Echinodermen (Stachelhäuter). I. Buch.</em> Leipzig: C.F. Winter'sche Verlagshandlung. vi + 1-460, pls. I-XVII [1889 = pp. 1-176, figs. 1-16, pls. I-VIII; 1890 = pp. 177-240, pls. IX-XII; 1891 = pp. 241-376, figs. 17-24, pls. XIII-XVII; 1892 = pp. 377-460, fig. 25].[details]
basis of recordHansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i>. 50: pp. 336-351. (look up in IMIS) [details]
Other
additional sourceRowe, F. W. E.; Gates, J. (1995). Echinodermata. <em>In: Wells, A.; Houston, W.W.K. (Ed.) Zoological catalogue of Australia, 33. CSIRO: Melbourne. ISBN 0-643-05696-3. XIII.</em> 510 pp.[details]
additional sourceReich, M. (2015). A short biography of Hubert Ludwig and a note on the publication dates of his monograph <em>Die Seewalzen</em> (1889–1892). <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4052(2): 332-344, 3 figs., 3 tables., available online athttps://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4052.3.3[details] Available for editors [request]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Unreviewed
Remark Placed in family Synaptidae by Littlewood et al. (1997).
Ludwig, 1892 as author in Cherbonnier (1988).
Type species: Chirodota studerii Théel, 1886, sensu Ludwig, 1891 = Holothuria (Fistularia) purpurea Lesson, 1830 (not Théel, 1886 = Taeniogyrus contortus Ludwig, 1874) by subsequent designation (Rowe & Gates, 1995). [details]