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WoRMS taxon details

Thalassema Pallas, 1774

110357  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:110357)

  1. Biota
  2. Animalia (Kingdom)
  3. Annelida (Phylum)
  4. Polychaeta (Class)
  5. Echiura (Subclass)
  6. Echiuroidea (Order)
  7. Echiurida (Suborder)
  8. Thalassematidae (Family)
  9. Thalassema (Genus)
accepted
Genus
Phalassema · unaccepted (lapsus calami)
Thalassina Montagu, 1813 · unaccepted (junior homonym of Thalassina...)  
junior homonym of Thalassina Latreille, 1805 (Crustacea); junior subjective synonym of Thalassema Pallas, 1774
Thalessema Leach, 1816 · unaccepted (junior objective synonym)

Ordering

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Children Display

  1. Species Thalassema antarcticum Stephen, 1941
  2. Species Thalassema arcassonense Cuénot, 1902
  3. Species Thalassema diaphanes Sluiter, 1889
  4. Species Thalassema elapsum Sluiter, 1912
  5. Species Thalassema fuscum Ikeda, 1904
  6. Species Thalassema hartmani Fisher, 1947
  7. Species Thalassema jenniferae Biseswar, 1988
  8. Species Thalassema liliae Schaeffer, 1972
  9. Species Thalassema malakhovi Popkov, 1992
  10. Species Thalassema marshalli Prashad, 1935
  11. Species Thalassema mortenseni Fischer, 1923
  12. Species Thalassema ochoticum Pergament, 1961
  13. Species Thalassema ovatum Sluiter, 1902
  14. Species Thalassema owstoni Ikeda, 1904
  15. Species Thalassema papillosum (Delle Chiaje, 1822)
  16. Species Thalassema philostracum Fisher, 1947
  17. Species Thalassema steinbecki Fisher, 1946
  18. Species Thalassema sydniense Edmonds, 1960
  19. Species Thalassema thalassema (Pallas, 1774)
  20. Species Thalassema viride Verrill, 1879
  21. Subgenus Thalassema (Echiurus) Guérin-Méneville, 1831 accepted as Echiurus Guérin-Méneville, 1831 (Superseded rank downgrade to subgenus)
    1. Species Thalassema (Echiurus) pallasii (Guérin-Méneville, 1831) accepted as Echiurus echiurus (Pallas, 1766) (superseded subsequent combination of subjective synonym)
  22. Species Thalassema arhynchite Ikeda, 1924 accepted as Arhynchite arhynchite (Ikeda, 1924) (superseded original combination)
  23. Species Thalassema arkati Prashad, 1935 accepted as Ochetostoma arkati (Prashad, 1935) (superseded original combination)
  24. Species Thalassema baronii Greeff, 1872 accepted as Ochetostoma baronii (Greeff, 1872) (superseded original combination)
  25. Species Thalassema bombayensis Prashad & Awaiti, 1929 accepted as Ochetostoma bombayense (Prashad & Awati, 1929) (superseded original combination)
  26. Species Thalassema branchiorhynchus Annandale & Kemp, 1915 accepted as Anelassorhynchus branchiorhynchus (Annandale & Kemp, 1915) (superseded original combination)
  27. Species Thalassema caudex Lampert, 1883 accepted as Ochetostoma caudex (Lampert, 1883) (superseded original combination)
  28. Species Thalassema decameron Lanchester, 1905 accepted as Ochetostoma decameron (Lanchester, 1905) (superseded original combination)
  29. Species Thalassema dendrorhynchus Annandale & Kemp, 1915 accepted as Anelassorhynchus dendrorhynchus (Annandale & Kemp, 1915) (superseded original combination)
  30. Species Thalassema echiura (Pallas, 1766) accepted as Echiurus echiurus (Pallas, 1766) (superseded subsequent combination)
  31. Species Thalassema echiurum (Pallas, 1766) accepted as Echiurus echiurus (Pallas, 1766) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
  32. Species Thalassema edulis (Pallas, 1774) accepted as Siphonosoma cumanense (Keferstein, 1867) (superseded subsequent combination. Sipuncula, not Echiura)
  33. Species Thalassema elegans Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Ikedosoma elegans (Ikeda, 1904) (superseded original combination)
  34. Species Thalassema erythrogrammon Müller, 1852 accepted as Ochetostoma erythrogrammon Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828 (junior synonym)
  35. Species Thalassema exilii Lampert, 1883 accepted as Lissomyema exilii (Lampert, 1883) (superseded original combination)
  36. Species Thalassema faex Selenka, 1885 accepted as Maxmuelleria faex (Selenka, 1885) (superseded original combination)
  37. Species Thalassema formosulum Lampert, 1883 accepted as Ochetostoma formosulum (Lampert, 1883) (superseded original combination)
  38. Species Thalassema gangetica Annandale, 1922 (unaccepted > nomen nudum)
  39. Species Thalassema gigas M. Müller, 1852 accepted as Maxmuelleria gigas (M. Müller, 1852) (superseded original combination)
  40. Species Thalassema gogoshimense Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Ikedosoma gogoshimense (Ikeda, 1904) (superseded original combination)
  41. Species Thalassema griffini Wharton, 1913 accepted as Ochetostoma griffini (Wharton, 1913) (superseded original combination)
  42. Species Thalassema halotaeniai Ikeda, 1901 accepted as Thalassema taenioides Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Ikeda taenioides (Ikeda, 1904) (suppressed name (Opinion 2048); unused since publication)
  43. Species Thalassema harmani [auct. misspelling of 'hartmani'] accepted as Thalassema hartmani Fisher, 1947 (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect subsequent spelling, misspelling in a non-taxonomic work by Anker et al)
  44. Species Thalassema hornelli Prashad, 1921 accepted as Ochetostoma hornelli (Prashad, 1921) (superseded original combination)
  45. Species Thalassema hupferi Fischer, 1895 accepted as Ochetostoma hupferi (Fischer, 1895) (superseded original combination)
  46. Species Thalassema inanensis accepted as Thalassema inansense Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Anelassorhynchus inansensis (Ikeda, 1904) (database artefact; lapsus calami)
  47. Species Thalassema inansense Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Anelassorhynchus inansensis (Ikeda, 1904) (superseded original combination)
  48. Species Thalassema indivisum Sluiter, 1900 accepted as Anelassorhynchus indivisus (Sluiter, 1900) (superseded original combination)
  49. Species Thalassema indivisus accepted as Thalassema indivisum Sluiter, 1900 accepted as Anelassorhynchus indivisus (Sluiter, 1900) (database artefact; lapsus calami)
  50. Species Thalassema kefersteini ten Broeke, 1925 accepted as Ochetostoma kefersteini (ten Broeke, 1925) accepted as Ochetostoma baronii (Greeff, 1872) (superseded original combination)
  51. Species Thalassema kempi Prashad, 1919 accepted as Ochetostoma kempi (Prashad, 1919) (superseded original combination)
  52. Species Thalassema kokotoniense Fischer, 1892 accepted as Ochetostoma kokotoniense (Fischer, 1892) (superseded original combination)
  53. Species Thalassema lankesteri Herdman, 1897 accepted as Maxmuelleria lankesteri (Herdman, 1897) (superseded original combination)
  54. Species Thalassema lessoni (Diesing, 1851) accepted as Ochetostoma eaouari (Lesson, 1830) (junior objective synonym)
  55. Species Thalassema lessonii (Diesing, 1851) accepted as Thalassema lessoni (Diesing, 1851) accepted as Ochetostoma eaouari (Lesson, 1830) (junior objective synonym; probably a lapsus calami of "lessoni")
  56. Species Thalassema manjuyodense Ikeda, 1905 accepted as Ochetostoma manjuyodense (Ikeda, 1905) (superseded original combination)
  57. Species Thalassema mellita Conn, 1886 accepted as Lissomyema mellita (Conn, 1886) (superseded original combination)
  58. Species Thalassema microrhynchus Prashad, 1919 accepted as Anelassorhynchus microrhynchus (Prashad, 1919) (superseded original combination)
  59. Species Thalassema moebii Greeff, 1879 accepted as Anelassorhynchus moebii (Greeff, 1879) (superseded original combination)
  60. Species Thalassema mucosum Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Anelassorhynchus mucosus (Ikeda, 1904) (superseded original combination)
  61. Species Thalassema multilineatum Fischer, 1914 accepted as Ochetostoma multilineatum (Fischer, 1914) (superseded original combination)
  62. Species Thalassema mutatorium (Montagu, 1813) accepted as Thalassema thalassema (Pallas, 1774) (junior subjective synonym)
  63. Species Thalassema neptuni Pallas, 1774 accepted as Thalassema thalassema (Pallas, 1774) (manuscript name from Gaertner, published as a junior synonym by Pallas)
  64. Species Thalassema ochotica Pergament, 1961 accepted as Thalassema ochoticum Pergament, 1961 (unaccepted > misspelling - incorrect original spelling, incorrect original spelling for gender agreement)
  65. Species Thalassema palense Ikeda, 1924 accepted as Ochetostoma palense (Ikeda, 1924) (superseded original combination)
  66. Species Thalassema pellucidum Fischer, 1895 accepted as Ochetostoma pellucidum (Fischer, 1895) (superseded original combination)
  67. Species Thalassema rupium Lamarck, 1801 accepted as Thalassema thalassema (Pallas, 1774) (published as a junior synonym of Lumbricus thalassema Pallas, 1774, though remains some doubts. See Notes below.)
  68. Species Thalassema sabinum Lanchester, 1905 accepted as Anelassorhynchus sabinus (Lanchester, 1905) (superseded original combination)
  69. Species Thalassema scutatus Ranzani, 1817 accepted as Sternaspis scutata (Ranzani, 1817) (superseded original combination. Polychaeta, not Echiura)
  70. Species Thalassema semoni Fischer, 1896 accepted as Anelassorhynchus semoni (Fischer, 1896) (superseded original combination)
  71. Species Thalassema sorbillans Lampert, 1883 accepted as Listriolobus sorbillans (Lampert, 1883) (superseded original combination)
  72. Species Thalassema stuhlmanni Fischer, 1892 accepted as Ochetostoma stuhlmanni (Fischer, 1892) (superseded original combination)
  73. Species Thalassema taeniaides Ikeda, 1902 accepted as Thalassema taenioides Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Ikeda taenioides (Ikeda, 1904) (suppressed name (Opinion 2048); unused since publication)
  74. Species Thalassema taenioides Ikeda, 1904 accepted as Ikeda taenioides (Ikeda, 1904) (superseded original combination)
  75. Species Thalassema thalassemum accepted as Thalassema thalassema (Pallas, 1774) (misspelling introduced by Stephens & Edmonds)
  76. Species Thalassema vegrande Lampert, 1883 accepted as Anelassorhynchus vegrandis (Lampert, 1883) (superseded original combination)
  77. Species Thalassema verrucosa Studer, 1879 accepted as Maxmuelleria verrucosum (Studer, 1879) (superseded original combination)
  78. Species Thalassema vulgaris Savigny, 1822 accepted as Echiurus vulgaris (Savigny, 1822) accepted as Echiurus echiurus (Pallas, 1766) (superseded original combination)
  79. Species Thalassema aquatica (Leach, 1816) (uncertain > nomen dubium)
  80. Species Thalassema aragoi Mello-Leitao, 1955 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  81. Species Thalassema brevipalpis Quatrefages, 1866 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  82. Species Thalassema espiritosantensis Mello-Leitao, 1955 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  83. Species Thalassema grohmanni (Diesing, 1851) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  84. Species Thalassema lejeunei Mello-Leitao, 1955 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  85. Species Thalassema pelzelnii Diesing, 1859 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
  86. Species Thalassema peronii Quatrefages, 1866 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
marine, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
neuter
Pallas, P. S. (1774). Spicilegia zoologica, quibus novae imprimis et obscurae animalium species iconibus, descriptionibus atque commentariis illustrantur cura P.S. Pallas. <em>[Book series, 14 volumes].</em> Fasciculus 10, pp. 1–41, 4 plates., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27823183 [details] 
Note Nishikawa (1998: 253) stated that the "type...  
From editor or global species database
Type species Nishikawa (1998: 253) stated that the "type species is Lumbricus thalassema by monotypy, because it is the only species with which Thalassema was firstly associated (see ICZN Art 67l)". According to Arts. 67.1.2 and 67.12 of the Code (ICZN 1999), however, the type species must be Thalassema neptuni, not Lumbricus thalassema. [details]
Description The original mention of Thalassema by Pallas on page 8 in his Latin text, under the heading "Lumbricus thalassema",...  
Description The original mention of Thalassema by Pallas on page 8 in his Latin text, under the heading "Lumbricus thalassema", seemingly as a genus is as follows:
"Hanc speciem, quae praecedentis structuram pulchre illustrat , in Cornubia observauit profunde inter rimas rupium submarinarum habitantem Cel. Jos. Gaertner, cujus propriis verbis descriptionem , communicatamque cum plurimis infra recensendis iconem, hic infero lubens. Thalassema Neptunii nomen huic vermiculo fecit Gaertnerus noster ; Eumque generis ad quod mihi pertinere visus eft denominationi, pro distinguenda specie, adjeci." [details]

Etymology According to Fisher (1946) the etymology is "thalassos (sea) + ema (dart)" . According to Nishikawa (1998) Thalassema is a...  
Etymology According to Fisher (1946) the etymology is "thalassos (sea) + ema (dart)" . According to Nishikawa (1998) Thalassema is a neuter noun. It appears to have been treated as a neuter genus by most authors. As thalassema is a noun, it cannot change suffix when first used as a species-group name (Lumbricus thalassema) and then recombined (Thalassema thalassema). Thus 'thalassemum' as if a variable adjective in Stephens & Edmonds (1972) is incorrect. [details]
WoRMS (2025). Thalassema Pallas, 1774. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110357 on 2025-04-03
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
van der Land, Jacob
2005-04-18 15:03:04Z
changed
Cuvelier, Daphne
2008-08-08 08:28:57Z
changed
Murina, Galina Vansetti
2017-06-06 06:27:23Z
changed
Tanaka, Masaatsu
2017-07-23 19:47:21Z
changed
Tanaka, Masaatsu
2017-08-15 08:38:31Z
changed
Tanaka, Masaatsu
2017-10-05 14:05:37Z
changed
Tanaka, Masaatsu
2017-10-06 18:25:38Z
changed
Tanaka, Masaatsu
2022-08-24 06:26:54Z
changed
Tanaka, Masaatsu

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


Nomenclature

original description Pallas, P. S. (1774). Spicilegia zoologica, quibus novae imprimis et obscurae animalium species iconibus, descriptionibus atque commentariis illustrantur cura P.S. Pallas. <em>[Book series, 14 volumes].</em> Fasciculus 10, pp. 1–41, 4 plates., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27823183 [details] 

original description (of Thalassina Montagu, 1813) Montagu, G. (1813). Descriptions of several new or rare animals, principally marine, discovered on the south coast of Devonshire. <em>Transactions of the Linnean Society of London.</em> 11(1): 1–26, pls. 1–5., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/756542
page(s): 24. [details] OpenAccess publication

original description (of Thalessema Leach, 1816) Leach, W.E. (1816). Annulosa. <em>In Book Series: Encyclopedia Britannica, vol 1 of 5, supplement to the fourth, fifth and sixth editions.</em> 1(2): 401-453, pls. 20-26. (June1816)., available online at https://digital.nls.uk/encyclopaedia-britannica/archive/193057498
page(s): 451. [details] OpenAccess publication

basis of record Maiorova, A. S., Adrianov, A. V. (2019). Biodiversity of echiurans (Echiura) of the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench area. <em>Progress in Oceanography.</em> 180: 102216., available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2019.102216
page(s): 12, 13, 15 [details] 

basis of record Maiorova, A. S., Adrianov, A. V. (2020). A review on biogeography of the deep-sea Echiura along the NW Pacific. <em>In: Saeedi, H., Brandt, A. (Eds.) Biogeographic Atlas of the Deep NW Pacific Fauna.</em> Pensoft, Sofia, pp. 213–230., available online at https://doi.org/10.3897/ab.e51315
page(s): 224, 225 [details] 

Taxonomy

taxonomy source Stephen, A. C., Edmonds, S. J. (1972). The Phyla Sipuncula and Echiura. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London.
page(s): 452 [details] 

Other

additional source Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. <em>Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK.</em> 627 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source van der Land, J. (2001). Echiura, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 178 (look up in IMIS) [details] 

additional source NODC. (1997). NODC Taxonomic codes. [details] 

additional source Murina, Vantsetti. List of Echiura. [details] 

additional source Satô, H. (1939). Studies on the Echiuroidea, Sipunculoidea and Priapuloidea of Japan. <em>Science Reports of the Tôhoku Imperial University, Fourth Series, Biology.</em> 14 (4): 339–460, plates XIX–XXIII. [details] 

additional source Popkov, D. V. (1992). A new echiuran species Thalassema malakhovi (Echiura) from New Zealand. <em>New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research.</em> 26(3-4): 379–383., available online at http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00288330.1992.9516531
note: Emendation (re-diagnosis of genus) [details] 

additional source Nishikawa, T. (1998). Nomenclatural remarks on the family-group names of the Phylum Echiura. <em>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.</em> 111(2): 249–256., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35459003 [details] 

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
   

From editor or global species database
Authority Lamarck (1801: 328) clearly uses 'Thalassema' as a valid genus (for his new name Thalassema rupium for the existing name Lumbricus thalassema deriving from Pallas, and he credits the genus authorship to Cuvier, but Stephen & Edmonds state they could not find evidence of this. Sherborn lists an 1801 mention of Thalassema by Cuvier in the first volume of the "Lecons .." but states the first formal mention is in Lamarck. The possible Cuvier or other authorship perhaps needs further investigation, but "Thalassema" was a pre-Lamarck name (in Pallas 1774 at least). The question is, did Pallas's mention of it (as Thalassema neptuni of Gaertner) make it an available name from that date, when it is a mention in synonymy (of Lumbricus thalassema). Nishikawa (1998:253) analysed the situation, and decided that Thalassema did date from Pallas 1774. However, it is possible the genus should be given a later date of when it appears in Lamarck (1801). [details]

Description The original mention of Thalassema by Pallas on page 8 in his Latin text, under the heading "Lumbricus thalassema", seemingly as a genus is as follows:
"Hanc speciem, quae praecedentis structuram pulchre illustrat , in Cornubia observauit profunde inter rimas rupium submarinarum habitantem Cel. Jos. Gaertner, cujus propriis verbis descriptionem , communicatamque cum plurimis infra recensendis iconem, hic infero lubens. Thalassema Neptunii nomen huic vermiculo fecit Gaertnerus noster ; Eumque generis ad quod mihi pertinere visus eft denominationi, pro distinguenda specie, adjeci." [details]

Etymology According to Fisher (1946) the etymology is "thalassos (sea) + ema (dart)" . According to Nishikawa (1998) Thalassema is a neuter noun. It appears to have been treated as a neuter genus by most authors. As thalassema is a noun, it cannot change suffix when first used as a species-group name (Lumbricus thalassema) and then recombined (Thalassema thalassema). Thus 'thalassemum' as if a variable adjective in Stephens & Edmonds (1972) is incorrect. [details]

Type species Nishikawa (1998: 253) stated that the "type species is Lumbricus thalassema by monotypy, because it is the only species with which Thalassema was firstly associated (see ICZN Art 67l)". According to Arts. 67.1.2 and 67.12 of the Code (ICZN 1999), however, the type species must be Thalassema neptuni, not Lumbricus thalassema. [details]
    Definitions

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LanguageName 
Japanese コゲミドリユムシ属  [details]
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Thalassema) 
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Thalassina) (from synonym Thalassina Montagu, 1813)
To Genbank 
To ITIS
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