original description
Clark, A. H. (1908). New genera of unstalked crinoids. <em>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.</em> 21:125-136. [details]
basis of record
Clark, A. H. (1950) A monograph of the existing crinoids. 1(4c). Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum 82:1-383, 32 pls. [details]
additional source
Hess H, Messing CG, Ausich WI (2011) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea vol. 3. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas. [details]
additional source
Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i>. 50: pp. 336-351. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Mortensen, Th. (1927). Handbook of the Echinoderms of the British Isles. <em>Oxford University Press.</em> 1-471, figs. 1-269., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6277293 [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Diagnosis Tropiometroidea with centrodorsal ranging from discoidal through hemispherical and conical to columnar; cirrus-free aboral apex, rounded or flattened, rugose, tuberculate or spiny. No dorsal star or radial pits. Cirrus sockets large, without distinct ornament or with articular tubercles, in 10 or 15 columns of 1-4 sockets. Cirri long, slender with 30-90 cirrals (except 18-27 in Parametra). Distal cirrals short, with prominent aboral processes or spines (except in Leilametra). Rod-shaped basals present. Subradial cleft may be present. Radials with short exposed surface or concealed; articular facet moderately sloping, more or less angularly bent. Muscle fossae steep, tall and narrow, separated from interarticular ligament by diagonal ridge. Radial cavity narrow. As many as 30 arms. Secundibrachials of 2 or 4 ossicles, the latter with syzygy between brachials 3 and 4. Synarthry between brachials 1 and 2; syzygy between brachials 3-4 (between brachials 2-3 following distalmost axil in Koehlermetra). Further syzygial interval variable. Brachials aborally rounded or laterally compressed and with aboral ridge or spines, commonly with marginal spines. First pinnule longer and stouter than second. Some proximal pinnulars may be enlarged; pinnulars covering gonad broadened in Horaeometra. Pinnules with distinct ambulacral covering plates. [details]Unreviewed
Remark Placement of family in Ordo follows NODC Taxonomic Codes [details]