WoRMS taxon details
Carapidae Poey, 1867
- Subfamily Carapinae Poey, 1867
- Genus Carapus Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Echiodon Thompson, 1837
- Genus Encheliophis Müller, 1842
- Genus Eurypleuron Markle & Olney, 1990
- Genus Onuxodon Smith, 1955
- Genus Diaphasia Lowe, 1843 accepted as Carapus Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Disparichthys Herre, 1935 accepted as Carapus Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Encheiliophis accepted as Encheliophis Müller, 1842 (misspelling)
- Genus Enchelyophis accepted as Encheliophis Müller, 1842 (misspelling)
- Genus Fierasfer Oken, 1817 accepted as Carapus Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Lefroyia Jones, 1874 accepted as Carapus Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Leptofierasfer Meek & Hildebrand, 1928 accepted as Carapus Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Oxybeles Richardson, 1846 accepted as Encheliophis Müller, 1842
- Genus Oxybelus Bleeker, 1851 accepted as Encheliophis Müller, 1842
- Genus Porobronchus Kaup, 1860 accepted as Carapus Rafinesque, 1810
- Genus Rhizoiketicus Vaillant, 1893 accepted as Encheliophis Müller, 1842
- Genus Vexillifer Gasco, 1870 accepted as Carapus Rafinesque, 1810
- Subfamily Pyramodontinae Smith, 1955
- Genus Pyramodon Smith & Radcliffe, 1913
- Genus Snyderidia Gilbert, 1905
- Genus Cynophidium Regan, 1914 accepted as Pyramodon Smith & Radcliffe, 1913
- Subfamily Tetragondacninae Anderson & Satria, 2007
marine, terrestrial
Not documented
Distribution Distribution: tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Dorsal fin rays shorter than opposite anal...
Distribution Distribution: tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Dorsal fin rays shorter than opposite anal rays. Anus of adults and origin of anal fin located behind head and usually under pectoral fin. No scales. Wide gill openings, reaching far forward. Vomerine, palatine and jaw teeth present. No opercular spines. Branchiostegal rays 6-7. No supramaxillary. Vertebrae about 85-145. Vexillum present in larvae. Pearlfishes are free-living (Echiodon), commensal (Carapus, Onuxodon), or parasitic (Encheliophis, Jordanicus), living in association with shallow-water invertebrate hosts (holothurians, bivalves, starfishes), largely in coral-dominated communities. Family members occur in shelf and slope waters of 0-2,000 m depth and range from about 65°N to 60°S. [details]
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2025). FishBase. Carapidae Poey, 1867. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=125504 on 2025-04-04
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Nomenclature
basis of record
van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details]
Taxonomy
taxonomy source
Van Der Laan, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Fricke, R. (2014). Family-group names of Recent fishes. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 3882(1): 1-230., available online at https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1 [details] Available for editors 
[request]
[request]Other
additional source
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2025). ECoF. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. <em>California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco.</em> Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2025., available online at http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Unreviewed
Distribution Distribution: tropical and subtropical Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Dorsal fin rays shorter than opposite anal rays. Anus of adults and origin of anal fin located behind head and usually under pectoral fin. No scales. Wide gill openings, reaching far forward. Vomerine, palatine and jaw teeth present. No opercular spines. Branchiostegal rays 6-7. No supramaxillary. Vertebrae about 85-145. Vexillum present in larvae. Pearlfishes are free-living (Echiodon), commensal (Carapus, Onuxodon), or parasitic (Encheliophis, Jordanicus), living in association with shallow-water invertebrate hosts (holothurians, bivalves, starfishes), largely in coral-dominated communities. Family members occur in shelf and slope waters of 0-2,000 m depth and range from about 65°N to 60°S. [details]
