All of the shallow-water tanaidacean taxa (except for species of the family Tanaidae) from material collected between 1964 and 1999 within the Bass Strait, Victoria, Australia, have been analyzed. The material had been collected predominantly by staff from the Museum Victoria, Melbourne. The species treated here are those occurring at depths <200 m; substrata were predominantly sands. A total of 65 species in 43 genera is discussed, of which 44 species, five genera and one subgenus are described as new, although two of the species are not named owing to inadequacy of the material. Only nine of the species are known from elsewhere in Australia, and none from outside Australia. In addition, after examination of more material of its type- (and only) species, the genus Annexos is synonymized with Apseudes, as is Xanthapseudes; Apseudes tuski is moved to Apseudopsis; subgenera of Bunakenia are rejected; the “tribes” Parapseudini and Pakistanapseudini are raised to Subfamily rank; Magniaculeus is synonymized with Saltipedis; intraspecific variation in Kalliapseudes obtusifrons is discussed; the genera of the Pagurapseudinae are resolved, and Pagurapseudes abrucei is transferred to Macrolabrum; the first male for the genus Bathytanais is described; the validity of the genus Araphuroides is discussed, and A. io is returned to Araphura; Protanaissus makrotrichos, P. alvesi and P. floridensis are moved to new genera; the family Tanaopsidae is erected to accommodate the genus Tanaopsis (at least).
