Nomenclature
original description
Schiller, J. (1937). Dinoflagellatae (Peridineae). In: Dr. L. Rabenhosrst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz, 2. Aufl. X. Band, 3. Abt. 2. Teil . (Rabenhorst, L. Eds), pp. 321-590, i-vii. Leipzig: Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft M.B.H. [details]
basis of record
Gómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. <em>Acta Bot. Croat.</em> 64(1): 129-212. [details] 
Other
context source (RAS)
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. , available online at https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/biodiversity/ [details]
context source (Bermuda)
Hulburt, E. M.; Ryther, J. H.; Guillard, R. R. L. (1960). The phytoplankton of the Sargasso Sea off Bermuda
Also In: The Plankton Ecology and Related Chemistry and Hydrography of the Sargasso Sea
Progress Report: Sep. 1957 - Apr. 1959
AEC Contract No. AT(30-1)-2078. Journal du Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer, 15: 115-128 [details]
additional source
Steidinger, K. A., M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril. 2009. Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 131–154 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College [details]
additional source
Lakkis, S. (2011). Le phytoplancton marin du Liban (Méditerranée orientale): biologie, biodiversité, biogéographie. Aracne: Roma. ISBN 978-88-548-4243-4. 293 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source
Tomas, C.R. (Ed.). (1997). Identifying marine phytoplankton. Academic Press: San Diego, CA [etc.] (USA). ISBN 0-12-693018-X. XV, 858 pp., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780126930184 [details]
From editor or global species database
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:46751 [details]