Collecting from 1971 to 1982 in the south Western Indian Ocean resulted in the collection of 31 species of oplophorid shrimps. Four of them, Acanthephyra frontieri, Heterogenys monnioti, Systellaspis curvispina and S. guillei, are new to science and six others had never been reported from the Western Indian Ocean. Moreover the synonymy of Acanthephyra gracilipes Chace, 1940, with A. tenuipes Bate, 1888, is proposed and Notostomus murrayi Bate, 1888, which had never been reported since its description from a single specimen from the South Atlantic is discussed and illustrated. Finally, the variations of Systellaspis debilis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) and S. pellucida (Filhol, 1885) are examined partly.