Protoleodora is redefined to accommodate three North Pacific Pileolariinae, which characteristically have a soft-walled brood pouch with a lobe extending from the operculum into the faccal groove. Protoleodora uschakovi sp. nov. is close to P. coronata and even closer to P. asperata (='Spirorbis medius'). Bushiella and Jugaria are related circumarctic genera, but these lack proximal extensions to their brood pouches. All genera which brood in the operculum are surveyed briefly and new names are proposed for some which are preoccupied, reinstating Neodexiospira and replacing Amplaria, Duplicaria, Nidularia, Simplicaria and Sinistrella.