original description
(of Pyxidicula compressa J.W.Bailey, 1851) Bailey, J.W. (1851). Microscopical observations made in South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. <em>Smithson. Contr. Knowl.</em> 2(8): 1-48., available online at https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2007 [details]
basis of record
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
basis of record
Gómez, F. (2005). A list of free-living dinoflagellate species in the world's oceans. <em>Acta Bot. Croat.</em> 64(1): 129-212. [details]
additional source
Scott, F.J.; Marchant, H.J. (Ed.). (2005). Antarctic marine protists. <em>Australian Biological Resources Study: Canberra.</em> ISBN 0-642-56835-9. 563 pp., available online at http://its-db.aad.gov.au/proms/pubn/pubshow.asp?pub_id=12140 [details]
additional source
Steidinger, K. A., M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril. 2009. Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 131–154 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College [details]
additional source
Lakkis, S. (2011). Le phytoplancton marin du Liban (Méditerranée orientale): biologie, biodiversité, biogéographie. Aracne: Roma. ISBN 978-88-548-4243-4. 293 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source
Chang, F.H.; Charleston, W.A.G.; McKenna, P.B.; Clowes, C.D.; Wilson, G.J.; Broady, P.A. (2012). Phylum Myzozoa: dinoflagellates, perkinsids, ellobiopsids, sporozoans, in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2012). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 3. Kingdoms Bacteria, Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, Fungi. pp. 175-216. [details]
additional source
Steidinger, K.A.; Tangen, K. (1997). Dinoflagellates. pp. 387-584. In: C.R. Tomas (ed.) (1997). Identifying Marine Phytoplankton. Academic Press: San Diego, CA [etc.] (USA). ISBN 0-12-693018-X. XV, 858 pp., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780126930184500057 [details]
additional source
Abé, T.H. (1967). The armoured Dinoflagellata: II. Prorocentridae and Dinophysidae (A). <em>Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory.</em> 14(5): 369-389. [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source
Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2024). AlgaeBase. <em>World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.</em> searched on YYYY-MM-DD., available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details]
additional source
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source
Tomas, C.R. (Ed.). (1997). Identifying marine phytoplankton. Academic Press: San Diego, CA [etc.] (USA). ISBN 0-12-693018-X. XV, 858 pp., available online at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/book/9780126930184 [details]
additional source
Brandt, S. (2001). Dinoflagellates, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 47-53 (look up in IMIS) [details]
From editor or global species database
LSID urn:lsid:algaebase.org:taxname:101832 [details]
Synonymy Original illustration is ambiguous, hence the problematic synonymy with Dinophyceae. [details]Unreviewed
Diet general for group: both heterotrophic (eat other organisms) and autotrophic (photosynthetic) [details]
Habitat pelagic [details]
Importance General: known for producing dangerous toxins, particularly when in large numbers, called "red tides" because the cells are so abundant they make water change color. Also they can produce non-fatal or fatal amounts of toxins in predators (particularly shellfish) that may be eaten by humans. [details]
Predators marine microorganisms and animal larvae [details]
Reproduction general for group: both sexual and asexual [details]
Published in AlgaeBase
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Prorocentrum bidens Schiller, 1928)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Exuviaella lenticulata Matzenauer, 1933)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Exuviaella oblonga Schiller, 1928)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Exuviaella elongata Rampi, 1951)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Prorocentrum lebouriae Schiller, 1928)
Published in AlgaeBase (from synonym Exuviaella oblongata J.Schiller, 1928)
To Barcode of Life (1 barcode)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Prorocentrum bidens Schiller, 1928)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Exuviaella oblonga Schiller, 1928)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Exuviaella lenticulata Matzenauer, 1933)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (6 publications)
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Prorocentrum bidens) (from synonym Prorocentrum bidens Schiller, 1928)
To GenBank (3 nucleotides; 0 proteins) (from synonym Exuviaella elongata Rampi, 1951)
To GenBank (3 nucleotides; 0 proteins) (from synonym Prorocentrum bidens Schiller, 1928)
To GenBank (30370 nucleotides; 13195 proteins)
To PESI
To ITIS