WoRMS taxon details
Levinsenia gracilis (Tauber, 1879)
130578 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:130578)
accepted
Species
Aonides gracilis Tauber, 1879 · unaccepted (superseded original combination)
Levinsenia gracilis minuta (Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) · unaccepted (recombination of subjective synonym)
Paraonis filiformis Hartman, 1953 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
Paraonis gracilis (Tauber, 1879) · unaccepted (superseded combination)
Paraonis gracilis gracilis (Tauber, 1879) · unaccepted (superseded subsequent combination)
Paraonis gracilis minuta Hartmann-Schröder, 1965 · unaccepted (subjective synonyjm)
Paraonis ivanovi Annenkova, 1934 · unaccepted (subjective synonym)
Tauberia gracilis (Tauber, 1879) · unaccepted (superseded recombination, generic...)
superseded recombination, generic synonym by ICZN ruling
- Subspecies Levinsenia gracilis japonica (Imajima, 1973)
- Subspecies Levinsenia gracilis minuta (Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) accepted as Levinsenia gracilis (Tauber, 1879) (recombination of subjective synonym)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
(of Aonides gracilis Tauber, 1879) Tauber, P. (1879). Annulata Danica. En Kritisk Revision af de i Danmark Fundne Annulata Chaetognatha, Gephyrea, Balanoglossi, Discophoreae, Oligochaeta, Gymnocopa og Polychaeta. <em>Reitzel. K benhavn.</em> 1-143. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 115-116 [details]
page(s): 115-116 [details]
Type locality contained in Danish Exclusive Economic Zone
type locality contained in Danish Exclusive Economic Zone [from synonym] [view taxon] [details]
Distribution Gulf of St. Lawrence to Massachusetts; Antarctic; Bering Sea; Greenland; Iceland; Faroes
Distribution Gulf of St. Lawrence to Massachusetts; Antarctic; Bering Sea; Greenland; Iceland; Faroes [details]
Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (Ed.) (2025). World Polychaeta Database. Levinsenia gracilis (Tauber, 1879). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=130578 on 2025-04-30
Date
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Nomenclature
original description
(of Paraonis gracilis minuta Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) Hartmann-Schröder, Gesa. (1965). Zur Kenntnis des Sublitorals der chilenischen Küste unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. II Die Polychaeten des Sublitorals. <em>Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut.</em> 62 Supplement: 59-305.
page(s): 197-198, figs. 181-182 [details] Available for editors
[request]
original description (of Paraonis filiformis Hartman, 1953) Hartman, Olga. (1953). Non-pelagic Polychaeta of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901‒1903. <em>Further Zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901‒1903 under the direction of Dr. Otto Nordenskjöld.</em> 4(11): 1-83., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/62372341
page(s): 39-40, fig. 12b-c [details] Available for editors [request]
original description (of Paraonis ivanovi Annenkova, 1934) Annenkova, N. P. 1934. Paraoniden der Meeren des Fernen Osten der USSR. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 3(8-9): 656-658. [details]
original description (of Aonides gracilis Tauber, 1879) Tauber, P. (1879). Annulata Danica. En Kritisk Revision af de i Danmark Fundne Annulata Chaetognatha, Gephyrea, Balanoglossi, Discophoreae, Oligochaeta, Gymnocopa og Polychaeta. <em>Reitzel. K benhavn.</em> 1-143. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 115-116 [details]
new combination reference Mesnil, Felix. (1897). Études de morphologie externe chez les Annélides. II. Remarques complémentaires sur les Spionidiens. La famille nouvelle des Disomidiens. La place des Aonides (sensu Tauber, Levinsen). <em>Bulletin scientifique de la France et de la Belgique.</em> 30: 83-100., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10721719
page(s): 99; note: uses the new combination in the figure captions but not in the text on p.93 [details]
page(s): 197-198, figs. 181-182 [details] Available for editors
[request]original description (of Paraonis filiformis Hartman, 1953) Hartman, Olga. (1953). Non-pelagic Polychaeta of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901‒1903. <em>Further Zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901‒1903 under the direction of Dr. Otto Nordenskjöld.</em> 4(11): 1-83., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/62372341
page(s): 39-40, fig. 12b-c [details] Available for editors
[request]original description (of Paraonis ivanovi Annenkova, 1934) Annenkova, N. P. 1934. Paraoniden der Meeren des Fernen Osten der USSR. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 3(8-9): 656-658. [details]
original description (of Aonides gracilis Tauber, 1879) Tauber, P. (1879). Annulata Danica. En Kritisk Revision af de i Danmark Fundne Annulata Chaetognatha, Gephyrea, Balanoglossi, Discophoreae, Oligochaeta, Gymnocopa og Polychaeta. <em>Reitzel. K benhavn.</em> 1-143. (look up in IMIS)
page(s): 115-116 [details]
new combination reference Mesnil, Felix. (1897). Études de morphologie externe chez les Annélides. II. Remarques complémentaires sur les Spionidiens. La famille nouvelle des Disomidiens. La place des Aonides (sensu Tauber, Levinsen). <em>Bulletin scientifique de la France et de la Belgique.</em> 30: 83-100., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10721719
page(s): 99; note: uses the new combination in the figure captions but not in the text on p.93 [details]
Taxonomy
taxonomy source
Lovell, Lawrence L.; Fitzhugh, Kirk. (2020). Taking a closer look: an SEM review of <em>Levinsenia</em> species (Polychaeta: Paraonidae) reported from California. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 4751(2): 256-275., available online at https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4751.2.3
page(s): 259, figures 1A–D; 2A–D, 7A, B; note: records for California and a description, and stated to be cosmopolitan in distribution [details] Available for editors [request]
redescription Jirkov, I.A. (2001). [Polychaeta of the Arctic Ocean] (In Russian) Polikhety severnogo Ledovitogo Okeana. Yanus-K Press, Moscow, 632 pp., available online at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259865957_Jirkov_2001_Polychaeta_of_the_North_Polar_Basin [details] Available for editors [request]
redescription Blake, J.A. 1996. Family Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909. pages 27-70. IN: Blake, James A.; Hilbig, Brigitte; and Scott, Paul H. Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. 6 - The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Santa Barbara [details]
page(s): 259, figures 1A–D; 2A–D, 7A, B; note: records for California and a description, and stated to be cosmopolitan in distribution [details] Available for editors
[request]redescription Jirkov, I.A. (2001). [Polychaeta of the Arctic Ocean] (In Russian) Polikhety severnogo Ledovitogo Okeana. Yanus-K Press, Moscow, 632 pp., available online at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259865957_Jirkov_2001_Polychaeta_of_the_North_Polar_Basin [details] Available for editors
[request]redescription Blake, J.A. 1996. Family Paraonidae Cerruti, 1909. pages 27-70. IN: Blake, James A.; Hilbig, Brigitte; and Scott, Paul H. Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. 6 - The Annelida Part 3. Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Santa Barbara [details]
Other
context source (Deepsea)
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO. The Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS), available online at http://www.iobis.org/ [details]
context source (HKRMS) Fleddum, A. L. (2010). Effects of Human Disturbance on Biologiccal Traits and Structure of Macrobenthic Communities. <em>PhD Thesis. City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.</em> [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Hartmann-Schröder, G. (1996). Annelida, Borstenwürmer, Polychaeta [Annelida, bristleworms, Polychaeta]. <em>2nd revised ed. The fauna of Germany and adjacent seas with their characteristics and ecology, 58. Gustav Fischer: Jena, Germany. ISBN 3-437-35038-2.</em> 648 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Bellan, G. (2001). Polychaeta, <i>in</i>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 214-231. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Brunel, P., L. Bosse & G. Lamarche. (1998). Catalogue of the marine invertebrates of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. <em>Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 126.</em> 405 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Pettibone, M. H. (1952). Checklist of Polychaeta of New England region. 1-32. [details]
additional source Hartley, J.P. (1981). The family Paraonidae (Polychaeta) in British waters: a new species and new records with a key to species. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.</em> 61(01): 133-149., available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400045975
page(s): 146 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Glasby, Christopher J.; Read, Geoffrey B.; Lee, Kenneth E.; Blakemore, R.J.; Fraser, P.M.; Pinder, A.M.; Erséus, C.; Moser, W.E.; Burreson, E.M.; Govedich, F.R.; Davies, R.W.; Dawson, E.W. (2009). Phylum Annelida: bristleworms, earthworms, leeches. <em>[Book chapter].</em> Chapt 17, pp. 312-358. in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch. [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Fauchald, K.; Granados-Barba, A.; Solís-Weiss, V. (2009). Polychaeta (Annelida) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 751–788 in D.L. Felder and D.K. Camp (eds.). <em>Gulf of Mexico. Origin, Waters, and Biota. Volume 1, Biodiversity.</em> Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas., available online at https://books.google.es/books?id=CphA8hiwaFIC&lpg=PR1&pg=PA751 [details]
additional source Trott, T. J. (2004). Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. <em>Northeastern Naturalist.</em> 11, 261-324., available online at http://www.gulfofmaine.org/kb/files/9793/TROTT-Cobscook%20List.pdf [details] Available for editors [request]
context source (HKRMS) Fleddum, A. L. (2010). Effects of Human Disturbance on Biologiccal Traits and Structure of Macrobenthic Communities. <em>PhD Thesis. City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.</em> [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Hartmann-Schröder, G. (1996). Annelida, Borstenwürmer, Polychaeta [Annelida, bristleworms, Polychaeta]. <em>2nd revised ed. The fauna of Germany and adjacent seas with their characteristics and ecology, 58. Gustav Fischer: Jena, Germany. ISBN 3-437-35038-2.</em> 648 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Bellan, G. (2001). Polychaeta, <i>in</i>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 214-231. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Brunel, P., L. Bosse & G. Lamarche. (1998). Catalogue of the marine invertebrates of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. <em>Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 126.</em> 405 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Pettibone, M. H. (1952). Checklist of Polychaeta of New England region. 1-32. [details]
additional source Hartley, J.P. (1981). The family Paraonidae (Polychaeta) in British waters: a new species and new records with a key to species. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.</em> 61(01): 133-149., available online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400045975
page(s): 146 [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Glasby, Christopher J.; Read, Geoffrey B.; Lee, Kenneth E.; Blakemore, R.J.; Fraser, P.M.; Pinder, A.M.; Erséus, C.; Moser, W.E.; Burreson, E.M.; Govedich, F.R.; Davies, R.W.; Dawson, E.W. (2009). Phylum Annelida: bristleworms, earthworms, leeches. <em>[Book chapter].</em> Chapt 17, pp. 312-358. in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch. [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Fauchald, K.; Granados-Barba, A.; Solís-Weiss, V. (2009). Polychaeta (Annelida) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 751–788 in D.L. Felder and D.K. Camp (eds.). <em>Gulf of Mexico. Origin, Waters, and Biota. Volume 1, Biodiversity.</em> Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas., available online at https://books.google.es/books?id=CphA8hiwaFIC&lpg=PR1&pg=PA751 [details]
additional source Trott, T. J. (2004). Cobscook Bay inventory: a historical checklist of marine invertebrates spanning 162 years. <em>Northeastern Naturalist.</em> 11, 261-324., available online at http://www.gulfofmaine.org/kb/files/9793/TROTT-Cobscook%20List.pdf [details] Available for editors
[request]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Nontype (of Paraonis gracilis minuta Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) ZMH, geounit Canal Chacao [details]
Nontype (of Paraonis gracilis minuta Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) ZMH, geounit Canal Desertores [details]
Nontype (of Paraonis gracilis minuta Hartmann-Schröder, 1965) ZMH, geounit Punta Topocalma [details]
From editor or global species database
New combination Mesnil (1897: 93) in a heading names Levinsenia for Aonides sensu of Tauber and of Levinsen, and states it is a genus for Aonides fulgens and Aonides gracilis. Here in the text he does not use these species names as combinations in Levinsenia. However, he does use the new combinations Levinsenia fulgens and Levinsenia gracilis in the figure captions on page 99. Thus Mesnil (1897) is the first usage of these combinations, and not Mesnil & Caullery (1898: 136–138) where L. gracilis is again figured. [details]Unreviewed
Distribution Gulf of St. Lawrence to Massachusetts; Antarctic; Bering Sea; Greenland; Iceland; Faroes [details]Habitat bathyal, infralittoral and circalittoral of the Gulf and estuary [details]
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Japanese | イトヒメエラゴカイ | [details] |
To Barcode of Life (26 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (14 publications) (from synonym Aonides gracilis Tauber, 1879)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (2 publications) (from synonym Tauberia gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (26 publications) (from synonym Paraonis gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Levinsenia gracilis)
To GenBank (3 nucleotides; 2 proteins)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Paraonis gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To The Arctic Traits Database (41 traits)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (11 records) (from synonym Tauberia gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (1221 records) (from synonym Paraonis gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (4 records) (from synonym Paraonis gracilis minuta Hartmann-Schröder, 1965)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (86 records)
To ITIS
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (14 publications) (from synonym Aonides gracilis Tauber, 1879)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (2 publications) (from synonym Tauberia gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (26 publications) (from synonym Paraonis gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To Biological Information System for Marine Life (BISMaL)
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Levinsenia gracilis)
To GenBank (3 nucleotides; 2 proteins)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Paraonis gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To The Arctic Traits Database (41 traits)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (11 records) (from synonym Tauberia gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (1221 records) (from synonym Paraonis gracilis (Tauber, 1879))
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (4 records) (from synonym Paraonis gracilis minuta Hartmann-Schröder, 1965)
To USNM Invertebrate Zoology Annelida Collection (86 records)
To ITIS
