Duncan PM. (1873). A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the Expeditions of H.M.S. 'Porcupine' in 1869 and 1870. <em>Transactions of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 8: 303-344, pls. 39-49.[details]
Hoeksema, B. W.; Cairns, S. (2025). World List of Scleractinia. Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan, 1873. Accessed through: Odido, M.; Appeltans, W.; BelHassen, M.; Mussai, P.; Nsiangango, S.E.; Vandepitte, L.; Wambiji, N.; Zamouri, N. Jiddou, A.M. (Eds) (2025) African Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/afremas/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=135168 on 2025-07-18
Odido, M.; Appeltans, W.; BelHassen, M.; Mussai, P.; Nsiangango, S.E.; Vandepitte, L.; Wambiji, N.; Zamouri, N. Jiddou, A.M. (Eds) (2025). African Register of Marine Species. Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan, 1873. Accessed at: https://marinespecies.org/afremas/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=135168 on 2025-07-18
original descriptionDuncan PM. (1873). A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the Expeditions of H.M.S. 'Porcupine' in 1869 and 1870. <em>Transactions of the Zoological Society of London.</em> 8: 303-344, pls. 39-49.[details]
context source (Deepsea)Cairns, Stephen (look up in IMIS) [details]
context source (Bermuda)Cairns, S.D. (2001). A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). <em>Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology.</em> 615: 1-75., available online athttps://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.615[details] Available for editors
context source (Hexacorallia)Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of recordCairns, S.D., Hoeksema, B.W., and J. van der Land, 2001. Scleractinia, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 109-110 (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional sourceBreeze, H., D.S. Davis, M. Butler, and V. Kostylev. 1997. Distribution and status of deep sea corals off Nova Scotia. Ecology Action Centre. Halifax. 58 p.[details]
additional sourceVeron JEN. (1986). Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. <em>Angus & Robertson Publishers.</em> page(s): 608 [details]
additional sourceVine, P. (1986). Red Sea Invertebrates. Immel Publishing, London. 224 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional sourceCairns, S.D. & N.B. Keller. (1993). New taxa and distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the tropical south-west Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. <em>Annals of the South African Museum.</em> 103(5): 213-292, 13 pls.[details] Available for editors
additional sourceJensen, A. & R. Frederiksen, 1992. The fauna associated with the bank-forming deepwater coral Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinia) on the Faroe shelf. Sarsia 77 1: 53-69. page(s): 60 [details]
additional sourceDawson EW. (1992). The Coelenterata of the New Zealand region: a handlist for curators, students and ecologists. <em>Occasional papers of the Hutton Foundation, New Zealand.</em> 1: 1-68. page(s): 44 [details]
additional sourcePourtalès, L. F.; De. (1878). Corals. In: Report on the Dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the United States Coast Survey Steamer "Blake", Lieutenant-Commander C.D. Sigsbee, U.S.N., commanding. <em>Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College.</em> 5(9): 197-212, pl. 1., available online athttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30295850 page(s): 206, 212, Pl. I [details]
additional sourceCairns, S.D., B.W. Hoeksema & J. van der Land. (1999). Appendix: List of extant stony corals. <em>Atoll Research Bulletin.</em> 459: 13-46. page(s): 24 [details]
additional sourceRobertson R. (1970). Review of the predators and parasites of stony Corals, with special reference to symbiotic Prosobranch Gastropods. <i>Pacific Science 24 (1)</i>: 43-54 page(s): 46 [details]
additional sourceCairns, S.D. (2009-2017). On line appendix: Phylogenetic list of the 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species with their junior synonyms and depth ranges, 28 pp. <em>In: Cold-Water Corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-Sea Coral Habitats.</em> Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.[details]
additional sourceCairns, S.D. (1998). Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Western Australia. <em>Records of the Western Australian Museum.</em> 18(4): 361-417.[details] Available for editors
additional sourceCairns, S.D. (2004). The azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. <em>Records of the Australian Museum.</em> 56(3): 259-329.[details] Available for editors
additional sourceCairns, S.D. (1995). The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa. <em>New Zealand Oceanographic Memoir.</em> 103: 1-210.[details] Available for editors
additional sourceCairns, S.D. (1977). A checklist of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Gulf of Mexico, with the description of a new species. <em>Gulf Research Reports.</em> 6 (1): 9-15., available online athttps://aquila.usm.edu/gcr/vol6/iss1/2/[details] Available for editors
additional sourceCairns, S.D., V. Häussermann & G. Försterra. (2005). A review of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Chile, with the description of two new species. <em>Zootaxa.</em> 1018: 15-46., available online athttps://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1018.1.2[details] Available for editors
additional sourceCairns, S.D. & H. Zibrowius. (1997). Cnidaria Anthozoa: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippine and Indonesian regions. <em>in: Crosnier, A. et al. (Ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 16. Campagne Franco-Indonésienne KARUBAR. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. Série A, Zoologie.</em> 172: 27-244. (look up in IMIS) page(s): 59 [details] Available for editors
additional sourceIntegrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online athttp://www.itis.gov[details]
additional sourcePourtalès, L.F. (1880). Report on the corals and Antipatharia. Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Caribbean Sea, 1878-79, by the United States coast survey steamer "Blake", commander J.R. Bartlett, U.S.N., commanding. VI. <em>.Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology.</em> 6(4): 95-120, pls. 1-3. page(s): 96, 108 [details]
additional sourceCairns, S.D., L. Gershwin, F.J. Brook, P. Pugh, E.W. Dawson, O.V. Ocaña, W. Vervoort, G. Williams, J.E. Watson, D.M. Opresko, P. Schuchert, P.M. Hine, D.P. Gordon, H.I. Campbell, A.J. Wright, J.A.Sánchez & D.G. Fautin. (2009). Phylum Cnidaria: corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans. <em>in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia.</em> :59-101., available online athttps://repository.si.edu/handle/10088/8431[details] Available for editors
additional sourceWells JW (1964) Ahermatypic corals from Queensland. University of Queensland Papers, Department of Zoology 2: 107-121, pls. 1-3. page(s): 109 [details]
additional sourceMoseley, H.N. (1881 [1880]). Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, in the years 1873–1876. <em>Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology.</em> 2 (part 7): 1-248, pl. Hydrocorallinae 1-14, Helioporidae 1-2, Madreporaria 1-16., available online athttp://www.19thcenturyscience.org/HMSC/HMSC-Reports/Zool-07/README.htm[details]
additional sourceReyes-Bonilla, H. (2002). Checklist of valid names and synonyms of stony corals (Anthozoa: Scleractinia) from the eastern Pacific. <em>Journal of Natural History.</em> 36(1): 1-13., available online athttps://doi.org/10.1080/713833841[details]
additional sourceGravier, C. (1920). Madréporaires provenant des campagnes des yachts Princesse-Alice et Hirondelle II (1893-1913). <em>Annales de l'Institut Océanographique de Monaco.</em> 55: 1-123, pls 1-16.[details]
additional sourceHoffmeister, J.E. (1933). Report on deep sea corals; obtained bv F.I.S "Endeavour" on the coasts of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. Australia. <em>Dept. of Trade and Customs, Fisheries, Endeavour Reports.</em> 6: 1-16, pls. 1-4. page(s): 1, 14 [details]
additional sourceAlcock A. (1898). An account of the deep-sea Madreporaria collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship "Investigator". <em>Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta.</em> pp. 1-29, pls. 1-3., available online athttps://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.27614 page(s): 28 [details]
additional sourceRogers, A. D. (1999). The biology of Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758) and other deep-water reef-forming corals and impacts from human activities. International Review of Hydrobiology, 84: 315-406 page(s): 324, 327, 334-335, 347-349, 351, 353, 358 [details]
additional sourceMarenzeller, E. von. (1904). Steinkorallen. <em>Wissenschaflichte Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer "Valdivia", 1838-1899,.</em> Band 7: 281-318, pls. 14-18., available online athttps://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6308054[details]
additional sourceBrito A, Ocaña O. (2004). Corals of the Canary Islands. Skeleton anthozoans of the littoral and deep bottoms. <em>Francisco Lemus, La Laguna.</em> 1-477 pp.[details]
additional sourceKitahara MV. (2007). Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate Scleractinia in Brazil. <em>Bulletin of Marine Science.</em> 81 (3): 497-518.[details]
additional sourceKeller NB, Oskina NS, Savilova TA. (2017). Distribution of deep-water Scleractinian corals in the Atlantic Ocean. <em>Oceanology.</em> 57 (2): 298-305., available online athttps://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437016060060[details]
additional sourceKeller NB, Os'kina NS. (2008). Habitat temperature ranges of azooxantellate scleractinian corals in the World Ocean. <em>Oceanology.</em> 48 (1): 77-84., available online athttps://doi.org/10.1134/s0001437008010098[details]
additional sourceCairns, S.D. (1981). Marine flora and fauna of the northeastern United States. Scleractinia. <em>NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular.</em> 438:1-12.[details] Available for editors
additional sourceWells JW. (1958). Scleractinian Corals. <em>British-Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition 1929-31 Reports Series B.</em> 6(11): 257-275, pls. 1-2. page(s): 262 [details]
additional sourcePires DE. (2007). The azooxanthellate coral fauna of Brazil. <em>Bulletin of Marine Science.</em> 81:265-272.[details]
additional sourceKitahara MV, Cordeiro RTS, Barbosa RV, Pires D Sumida PYG. (2020). Brazilian Deep-Sea Corals. In: Sumida PYG, Bernardino AF, De Léo FC (eds) Brazilian Deep-Sea Biodiversity. <em>Brazilian Marine Biodiversity. Volume 3. Springer, Cham.</em> pp. 73-107., available online athttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53222-2_4[details]
additional sourceZibrowius, H. (1974). Scleractiniares des Iles Saint Paul et Amsterdam (sud de L'Ocean Indien). Tethys, 5(4): 747-778 page(s): 747, 768-769 [details]
additional sourceFautin, D. G.; Kozloff, E. N.; Siebert, A. E. (1987). Phylum Cnidaria - Class Anthozoa. University of Washington Press. Seattle and London., pp. 68-78 page(s): 72 [details]
additional sourceMoseley, H. N. (1881). Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Part III. On the deep-sea Madreporaria. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76 (Zoology), 2, Zoology, 3, (1): 127-208, 238-248 page(s): 181 [details]
additional sourceLaborel, J. (1970). Les peuplements de madréporaires des côtes tropicales du Brésil. Annales de l'Université d'Abidjan, 2, E, (3): 7-261 page(s): 153, 194 [details]
additional sourceSchröder-Ritzrau, A.; Freiwald, A.; Mangini, A. (2005). U/Th-dating of deep-water corals from the eastern North Atlantic and the western Mediterranean Sea. André Freiwald and J. Murray Roberts (eds.). Springer. Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 157-172 page(s): 160, 161 [details]
additional sourceGass, S. E.; Willison, M. J. H. (2005). An assessment of the distribution of deep-sea corals in Atlantic Canada by using both scientific and local forms of knowledge. André Freiwald and J. Murray Roberts (eds.). Springer. Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 223-245 page(s): 224 [details]
additional sourceDuncan, P. M. (1877). On the rapidity of growth and variability of some Madreporaria on an Atlantic cable, with remarks upon the rate of accumulation of foraminiferal deposits. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 26, 133-137 page(s): 134 [details]
additional sourceZibrowius, H. (1985). Scléractiniaires bathyaux et abyssaux de l'Atlantique nord-oriental: campagnes BIOGAS (POLGAS) et INCAL. L. Laubier and Cl. Monniot (eds.). IFREMER, chapter 18, pp. 311-324 page(s): 313, 314, 318, 321, 323 [details]
additional sourceFrederiksen, R.; Jensen, A., Westerberg, H. (1992). The distribution of the scleractinian coral Lophelia pertusa around the Faroe Islands and the relation to internal tidal mixing. Sarsia, 77, 157-171 page(s): 160, 161 [details]
additional sourceKoehler, R. (1896). Liste par stations de dragage des animaux recueillis pendant la campagne du "Caudan". Annales de l'Université de Lyon, 26, 711-740 page(s): 717, 718, 719, 728 [details]
additional sourceRoule, L. (1896). Coelentérés. Annales de l'Université de Lyon, 26, 299-323 page(s): 315, 322 [details]
additional sourceFlint, H. C.; Waller, R. G.; Tyler, P. A. (2007). Reproductive ecology of Fungiacyathus marenzelleri from 4100 m depth in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Marine Biology, 151, 843-849 page(s): 843 [details]
additional sourceReed, J. K.; Pomponi, S. A.; Weaver, D. C.; Paull, C. K.; Wright, A. E. (2005). Deep-water sinkholes and bioherms of south Florida and the Pourtalès Terrace - habitat and fauna. Bulletin of Marine Science, 77(2): 267-296 page(s): 279, 281, 291 [details]
additional sourceHall-Spencer, J.; Allain, V.; Fosså, J. H. (2002). Trawling damage to Northeast Atlantic ancient coral reefs. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 269, 507-511 page(s): 507, 509, 510 [details]
additional sourceKühlmann, D. H. H. (2006). Die Steinkorallensammlung im Naturhistorischen Museum in Rudolstadt (Thüringen) nebst ökologischen Bemerkungen. Rudolstädter Naturhistorische Schriften, 13, 37-113 page(s): 64, 102-103, 113 [details]
additional sourceReed, J. K.; Weaver, D. C.; Pomponi, S. A. (2006). Habitat and fauna of deep-water Lophelia pertusa coral reefs off the southeastern U.S.: Blake Plateau, Straits of Florida, and Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science, 78, 2, 343-375 page(s): 344, 354, 355, 369 [details]
additional sourceRamil Blanco, F.; Pulpeiro, E. F. (1990). Inventario de los antozoos de Galicia. A checklist of the Anthozoa from Galicia. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 86(1-4): 17-30 page(s): 27 [details]
redescriptionZibrowius H. (1980). Les scléractiniaires de la Méditerranée et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. <em>Mémoires de l'Institut océanographique, Monaco.</em> 11: 1-284, pls. 1-117. (look up in IMIS) page(s): 143 [details] Available for editors
redescriptionCairns, S.D. & S.A. Parker. (1992). Review of the Recent Scleractinia (Stony Corals) of South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. <em>Records South Australian Museum, Monograph Series.</em> 3: 1-82, pls. 1-18,.[details] Available for editors
redescriptionCairns, S.D. (1982). Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. <em>Antarctic Research Series.</em> 34: 1-74.[details] Available for editors
redescriptionCairns, S.D. (1979). The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean and adjacent waters. <em>Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands.</em> 57:1-341.[details] Available for editors
ecology sourceRoberts, J.M., A. Wheeler, A. Freiwald & S.D. Cairns. (2009). Cold-water corals: The biology and geology of deep-sea coral habitats. <em>Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.</em> 324 pp.[details] Available for editors
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality