Polychaeta taxon details
Amphitrite Müller, 1771
129686 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:129686)
accepted
Genus
Amphitrite cirrata Müller, 1776 (type by subsequent designation)
- Species Amphitrite alcicornis Fauvel, 1909
- Species Amphitrite attenuata Moore, 1907
- Species Amphitrite brunnea (Stimpson, 1853)
- Species Amphitrite buzhinskaje Jirkov, 2020
- Species Amphitrite chloraema (Schmarda, 1861)
- Species Amphitrite cirrata Müller, 1776
- Species Amphitrite fauveli Jirkov, Ravara & Cunha, 2018
- Species Amphitrite haematina (Grube, 1871)
- Species Amphitrite jucunda (Kinberg, 1866)
- Species Amphitrite kerguelensis McIntosh, 1876
- Species Amphitrite leptobranchia Caullery, 1944
- Species Amphitrite lobocephala Hsieh, 1994
- Species Amphitrite malayensis Caullery, 1944
- Species Amphitrite marchilensis Hartmann-Schröder, 1965
- Species Amphitrite oculata Hessle, 1917
- Species Amphitrite ornata (Leidy, 1855)
- Species Amphitrite rubra (Risso, 1826)
- Species Amphitrite rzhavskyi Jirkov, 2020
- Species Amphitrite scylla (Savigny, 1822)
- Species Amphitrite variabilis (Risso, 1826)
- Species Amphitrite ventricosa Bosc, 1802
- Subgenus Amphitrite (Amphitritides) Augener, 1922 accepted as Amphitritides Augener, 1922 (rank upgrade to genus)
- Species Amphitrite agilis Wagner, 1885 (unaccepted > nomen nudum, unavailable as no description)
- Species Amphitrite auricoma Müller, 1776 accepted as Amphictene auricoma (O.F. Müller, 1776) (basionym)
- Species Amphitrite bifurcata Moore, 1903 accepted as Neoamphitrite ramosissima (Marenzeller, 1884) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite birulai Ssolowiew, 1899 accepted as Paramphitrite birulai (Ssolowiew, 1899) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite bombyx Dalyell, 1853 accepted as Branchiomma bombyx (Dalyell, 1853) (synonym)
- Species Amphitrite cincinnata Fabricius, 1780 accepted as Thelepus cincinnatus (Fabricius, 1780) (synonym)
- Species Amphitrite cristata Müller, 1776 accepted as Pista cristata (Müller, 1776) (synonym)
- Species Amphitrite edwardsi [subsequent misspelling of 'edwardsii'] accepted as Neoamphitrite edwardsii (Quatrefages, 1866) (incorrect subsequent spelling (Code 33.4))
- Species Amphitrite eschrichtii Rathke, 1843 accepted as Cistenides granulata (Linnaeus, 1767) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite flexuosa Delle Chiaje, 1828 accepted as Lanice conchilega (Pallas, 1766) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite floscula Dalyell, 1853 accepted as Myxicola infundibulum (Montagu, 1808) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite gigantea (Montagu, 1819) accepted as Terebella gigantea Montagu, 1819 (superseded recombination)
- Species Amphitrite gunneri M. Sars, 1835 accepted as Amphicteis gunneri (M. Sars, 1835) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite incana Claparède, 1870 accepted as Amphitrite rubra (Risso, 1826) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite infundibulum Montagu, 1808 accepted as Myxicola infundibulum (Montagu, 1808) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite intermedia Malmgren, 1866 accepted as Neoamphitrite affinis (Malmgren, 1866) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite johnstoni Malmgren, 1866 accepted as Neoamphitrite figulus (Dalyell, 1853) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite josephina Risso, 1826 accepted as Bispira volutacornis (Montagu, 1804) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite nana Claparède, 1870 accepted as Neoamphitrite figulus (Dalyell, 1853) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite neapolitana Delle Chiaje, 1828 accepted as Terebella lapidaria Linnaeus, 1767 (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite nesidensis Delle Chiaje, 1828 accepted as Eupolymnia nesidensis (Delle Chiaje, 1828) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite orotavae Langerhans, 1881 accepted as Terebella orotavae (Langerhans, 1881) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite ostrearia Cuvier, 1816 accepted as Sabellaria alveolata (Linnaeus, 1767) (subjective synonym, Sabellariidae, not Amphitrite (Terebellidae))
- Species Amphitrite pachyderma Hutchings & Glasby, 1988 accepted as Neoamphitrite pachyderma (Hutchings & Glasby, 1988) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite palmata Malmgren, 1866 accepted as Neoamphitrite affinis (Malmgren, 1866) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite palmata Moore, 1906 accepted as Amphitrite cirrata Müller, 1776 (subjective synonym; unreplaced junior primary homonym of A. palmata Malmgren, 1866)
- Species Amphitrite pauciseta Day, 1963 accepted as Paramphitrite pauciseta (Day, 1963) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite plumosa Müller, 1776 accepted as Pherusa plumosa (Müller, 1776) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite praecox Saint-Joseph, 1899 accepted as Lanassa praecox (Saint-Joseph, 1899) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite proboscidea Bruguière, 1789 accepted as Serpula proboscidea (Bruguière, 1789) accepted as Serpula vermicularis Linnaeus, 1767 (unaccepted > superseded combination, superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite radiata Moore, 1908 accepted as Amphitrite cirrata Müller, 1776 (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite ramosissima Marenzeller, 1884 accepted as Neoamphitrite ramosissima (Marenzeller, 1884) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite reniformis Bruguiére, 1789 accepted as Pseudopotamilla reniformis (Bruguière, 1789) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite robusta Johnson, 1901 accepted as Neoamphitrite robusta (Johnson, 1901) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite spiralis Johnson, 1901 accepted as Neoleprea spiralis (Johnson, 1901) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite stimpsoni Meyer, 1912 accepted as Neoamphitrite figulus (Dalyell, 1853) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite taurica Rathke, 1837 accepted as Sabellaria taurica (Rathke, 1837) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite tondi Delle Chiaje, 1828 accepted as Lanice conchilega (Pallas, 1766) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite ventilabrum Gmelin, 1791 in Linnaeus accepted as Sabella spallanzanii (Gmelin, 1791) (subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite ventilabrum [sensu Lamarck, 1818] accepted as Sabella spallanzanii (Gmelin, 1791) (unstated, but evidently a usage of Gmelin's 1791 name)
- Species Amphitrite vesiculosa Montagu, 1813 accepted as Acromegalomma vesiculosum (Montagu, 1813) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite vigintipes (Grube, 1870) accepted as Neoamphitrite vigintipes (Grube, 1869) (superseded subsequent combination)
- Species Amphitrite viminalis (Grube, 1855) accepted as Amphitrite variabilis (Risso, 1826) (recombination of subjective synonym)
- Species Amphitrite volutacornis Montagu, 1804 accepted as Bispira volutacornis (Montagu, 1804) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite affinis Malmgren, 1866 represented as Neoamphitrite affinis (Malmgren, 1866) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite edwardsii (Quatrefages, 1866) represented as Neoamphitrite edwardsii (Quatrefages, 1866) (superseded subsequent combination)
- Species Amphitrite figulus (Dalyell, 1853) represented as Neoamphitrite figulus (Dalyell, 1853) (alternate view on status of Neoamphitrite)
- Species Amphitrite gracilis (Grube, 1860) represented as Amphitritides gracilis (Grube, 1860) (superseded subsequent combination)
- Species Amphitrite grayi Malmgren, 1866 represented as Neoamphitrite grayi (Malmgren, 1866) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite groenlandica Malmgren, 1866 represented as Neoamphitrite groenlandica (Malmgren, 1866) (superseded original combination)
- Species Amphitrite cornuta O F Müller, 1776 (uncertain > nomen dubium, unused, indeterminable)
- Species Amphitrite luna Dalyell, 1853 (uncertain > nomen dubium, indeterminable from its description according to authors)
- Species Amphitrite meckelii Delle Chiaje, 1828 (uncertain > nomen dubium, indeterminable from its description according to authors)
- Species Amphitrite olfersii Delle Chiaje, 1828 (uncertain > nomen dubium, indeterminable from its description according to authors)
- Species Amphitrite pennacea Müller, 1776 (uncertain > nomen dubium, unused, indeterminable)
- Species Amphitrite ramosa Risso, 1826 (uncertain > nomen dubium, indeterminable from its description according to authors)
- Species Amphitrite rosea Sowerby, 1806 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum, indeterminable from description)
- Species Amphitrite viridispurpurea Renier, 1807 accepted as Flabelligera diplochaitus (Otto, 1820) (uncertain > nomen dubium, rejected publication, thus an unavailable name)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent only
feminine
Müller, Otto Friedrich. 1771. Von Würmern des süssen und salzigen Wassers. 1-200. H. Mumme and Faber. Copenhagen., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14389400
page(s): 8, 188; note: established, intended for Spio cirrata König, which appears to be an unpublished name [details]
page(s): 8, 188; note: established, intended for Spio cirrata König, which appears to be an unpublished name [details]
Note The designation of type species is confused....
From editor or global species database
Type species The designation of type species is confused. Amphitrite cirrata is regarded as the type species, but strictly it was not named in 1771, when Müller used an unavailable name of Spio cirrata, and mentioned the available name used by Linnaeus of 'cirrosa' (for Nereis cirrosa). In 1777 Müller defined A. cirrata based on his 1771 usage and the Linnaean Nereis cirrosa, but he included five other Amphitrite species, so in 1777 A. cirrata could not be type species by monotypy, or by subsequent designation by Müller (although Müller uses it as the headline species). Nevertheless it is type by subsequent designation as subsequent authors used A. cirrata as the type species. [details]
Etymology not stated, but the derivation from the female ancient Greek personal name would be considered as obvious. From Wikipedia:...
Homonymy Amphitrite has been a popular genus name. Amphitrite Müller 1771 is apparently senior to the homonyms Amphitrite...
Nomenclature Amphitrite Müller 1771 appears to be derived for a pre-Linnaean species name, Spio cirrata [apparently unpublished but...
Etymology not stated, but the derivation from the female ancient Greek personal name would be considered as obvious. From Wikipedia: "Amphitrite (/æmfɪˈtraɪtiː/; Greek: Ἀμφιτρίτη) was a sea goddess and wife of Poseidon and the queen of the sea. Under the influence of the Olympian pantheon, she became the consort of Poseidon and was later used as a symbolic representation of the sea and the goddess of calm seas and safe passage through storms" [details]
Homonymy Amphitrite has been a popular genus name. Amphitrite Müller 1771 is apparently senior to the homonyms Amphitrite...
Homonymy Amphitrite has been a popular genus name. Amphitrite Müller 1771 is apparently senior to the homonyms Amphitrite Ascanius, 1774, Mollusca, accepted as Dendronotus Alder & Hancock, 1845, and Amphitrite De Haan, 1833, Decapoda [in De Haan, 1833-1850] accepted as Portunus Weber, 1795. There is also a kingdom Chromista Amphitrite. Note that if Amphitrite Müller was not valid until a species was added in 1776 then the Molluscan Amphitrite of 1774 has priority. [details]
Nomenclature Amphitrite Müller 1771 appears to be derived for a pre-Linnaean species name, Spio cirrata [apparently unpublished but...
Nomenclature Amphitrite Müller 1771 appears to be derived for a pre-Linnaean species name, Spio cirrata [apparently unpublished but evidently known to Müller and Linnaeus]. Code article 12.2.5. states "in the case of a new genus-group name, the use of one or more available specific names in combination with it, or clearly included under it, [makes the genus name available]." Müller mentions the variant 'cirrosa spelling of Linnaeus, and this name is available so perhaps the genus name is available from 1771. However, fide AnimalBase: Amphitrite was "Established without species included. Müller 1771: 188 referred to a name Spio cirrata attributed to König and argued that the Linnean name cirrosa (Nereis cirrosa Linné, 1767) was gramatically less correct. Müller 1771 did not use any of the two specific names as valid, in his own classification. Müller used a German name for the species and did not use Latin specific names. The fact that the two names were cited from other sources did not imply usage of these names (Art. 11.5.2)." See also further notes under the type species, Amphitrite cirrata. [details]
Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (Ed.) (2024). World Polychaeta Database. Amphitrite Müller, 1771. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/polychaeta/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=129686 on 2025-01-23
Date
action
by
original description
Müller, Otto Friedrich. 1771. Von Würmern des süssen und salzigen Wassers. 1-200. H. Mumme and Faber. Copenhagen., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14389400
page(s): 8, 188; note: established, intended for Spio cirrata König, which appears to be an unpublished name [details]
additional source Fauchald, K. (1977). The polychaete worms, definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. <em>Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, CA (USA), Science Series.</em> 28:1-188., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/123110.pdf [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Bellan, G. (2001). Polychaeta, <i>in</i>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 214-231. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Brunel, P., L. Bosse & G. Lamarche. (1998). Catalogue of the marine invertebrates of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. <em>Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 126.</em> 405 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
[request]
additional source Hutchings, Patricia A.; Glasby, Christopher J. (1988). The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia. <em>Records of the Australian Museum.</em> 40(1): 1-60., available online at http://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Malmgren, Anders Johan. (1866? vol for 1865). Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. [part three of three]. <em>Öfversigt af Königlich Vetenskapsakademiens förhandlingar, Stockholm.</em> 22(5): 355-410, plates XVIII-XXIX., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32339631
page(s): 374-375 [details]
identification resource Jirkov, Igor A. (2020). Review of the European Amphitrite (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) with description of two new species. <em>Invertebrate Zoology.</em> 17(4): 311-360., available online at https://kmkjournals.com/journals/Inv_Zool/IZ_Index_Volumes/IZ_17/IZ_17_4_311_360
page(s): 316; note: key to European species [details]
page(s): 8, 188; note: established, intended for Spio cirrata König, which appears to be an unpublished name [details]
additional source Fauchald, K. (1977). The polychaete worms, definitions and keys to the orders, families and genera. <em>Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: Los Angeles, CA (USA), Science Series.</em> 28:1-188., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/123110.pdf [details]
additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]
additional source Bellan, G. (2001). Polychaeta, <i>in</i>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. <em>Collection Patrimoines Naturels.</em> 50: 214-231. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Brunel, P., L. Bosse & G. Lamarche. (1998). Catalogue of the marine invertebrates of the estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence. <em>Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 126.</em> 405 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Hutchings, Patricia A.; Glasby, Christopher J. (1988). The Amphitritinae (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) from Australia. <em>Records of the Australian Museum.</em> 40(1): 1-60., available online at http://doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.40.1988.150 [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Malmgren, Anders Johan. (1866? vol for 1865). Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. [part three of three]. <em>Öfversigt af Königlich Vetenskapsakademiens förhandlingar, Stockholm.</em> 22(5): 355-410, plates XVIII-XXIX., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32339631
page(s): 374-375 [details]
identification resource Jirkov, Igor A. (2020). Review of the European Amphitrite (Polychaeta: Terebellidae) with description of two new species. <em>Invertebrate Zoology.</em> 17(4): 311-360., available online at https://kmkjournals.com/journals/Inv_Zool/IZ_Index_Volumes/IZ_17/IZ_17_4_311_360
page(s): 316; note: key to European species [details]
From editor or global species database
Diagnosis Branchiae 3, rarely 2, pairs from segment 2; dendritically branched or filiform arising from a basal stump or distinct stalk. Lateral lobes present on anterior segments. Notopodia from segment 4, 17-25 pairs; notosetae distally serrated. Neuropodia with uncini from segment 5 (Setiger 2) arranged in double rows in posterior thorax, either as an interlocking "zipper" or in 2 distinct rows. Nephridial papillae from segment 3. [details]Etymology not stated, but the derivation from the female ancient Greek personal name would be considered as obvious. From Wikipedia: "Amphitrite (/æmfɪˈtraɪtiː/; Greek: Ἀμφιτρίτη) was a sea goddess and wife of Poseidon and the queen of the sea. Under the influence of the Olympian pantheon, she became the consort of Poseidon and was later used as a symbolic representation of the sea and the goddess of calm seas and safe passage through storms" [details]
Grammatical gender Feminine, known as a Greek personal name, and as the name of a goddess. [details]
Homonymy Amphitrite has been a popular genus name. Amphitrite Müller 1771 is apparently senior to the homonyms Amphitrite Ascanius, 1774, Mollusca, accepted as Dendronotus Alder & Hancock, 1845, and Amphitrite De Haan, 1833, Decapoda [in De Haan, 1833-1850] accepted as Portunus Weber, 1795. There is also a kingdom Chromista Amphitrite. Note that if Amphitrite Müller was not valid until a species was added in 1776 then the Molluscan Amphitrite of 1774 has priority. [details]
Nomenclature Amphitrite Müller 1771 appears to be derived for a pre-Linnaean species name, Spio cirrata [apparently unpublished but evidently known to Müller and Linnaeus]. Code article 12.2.5. states "in the case of a new genus-group name, the use of one or more available specific names in combination with it, or clearly included under it, [makes the genus name available]." Müller mentions the variant 'cirrosa spelling of Linnaeus, and this name is available so perhaps the genus name is available from 1771. However, fide AnimalBase: Amphitrite was "Established without species included. Müller 1771: 188 referred to a name Spio cirrata attributed to König and argued that the Linnean name cirrosa (Nereis cirrosa Linné, 1767) was gramatically less correct. Müller 1771 did not use any of the two specific names as valid, in his own classification. Müller used a German name for the species and did not use Latin specific names. The fact that the two names were cited from other sources did not imply usage of these names (Art. 11.5.2)." See also further notes under the type species, Amphitrite cirrata. [details]
Type species The designation of type species is confused. Amphitrite cirrata is regarded as the type species, but strictly it was not named in 1771, when Müller used an unavailable name of Spio cirrata, and mentioned the available name used by Linnaeus of 'cirrosa' (for Nereis cirrosa). In 1777 Müller defined A. cirrata based on his 1771 usage and the Linnaean Nereis cirrosa, but he included five other Amphitrite species, so in 1777 A. cirrata could not be type species by monotypy, or by subsequent designation by Müller (although Müller uses it as the headline species). Nevertheless it is type by subsequent designation as subsequent authors used A. cirrata as the type species. [details]
